Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: IL-9 neutralizing antibody suppresses allergic inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis mouse model

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.935943

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of cytokines and their mRNA in nasal mucosa of mice in each group (A) – (D) The mRNA expressions levels of cytokines in nasal mucosa which were determined by real-time PCR. After total RNA was extracted, it was reverse transcribed into cDNA, and then real-time PCR was performed to obtain the Ct value of each gene. We used 2 −ΔΔCt to calculate the relative expressions. β -actin was used as the internal control. ΔΔCt = [ΔCt (Ct value of target gene in experiment group-Ct value of β -actin)-ΔCt (Ct value of target gene in control group- Ct value of β -actin)]. Each group repeats five independent samples, and each independent sample repeats three times to take the mean value. One way ANOVA/Tukey was used for statistical analysis. All results were mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05. (E) – (H) The protein expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-9 in nasal mucosa of each group which was detected by flow cytometry bead array. Each group repeats five independent samples. One way ANOVA/Tukey was used for statistical analysis. All results were mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The flow cytometry bead array flex Kit (BD Biosciences, San Diego, California, United States) was used according to the manufacturer’s instructions to detect IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 levels in the supernatant.

Techniques: Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

Article Title: IL-9 neutralizing antibody suppresses allergic inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis mouse model

doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.935943

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram and statistical diagram of flow cytometry. Figure (A) – (C) shows the Th2 delineation strategy of the control group, and other groups follow this scheme. Figure (D) shows the average number of Th2 cells in each group ( n = 5). One way ANOVA/Tukey was used for statistical analysis. All results were mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: The flow cytometry bead array flex Kit (BD Biosciences, San Diego, California, United States) was used according to the manufacturer’s instructions to detect IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 levels in the supernatant.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry

Journal: Biomolecules

Article Title: Reduced Cytokine Tumour Necrosis Factor by Pharmacological Intervention in a Preclinical Study

doi: 10.3390/biom12070877

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic diagram of Cytokine Bead Assay (CBA) analysis used for determination of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), and Interleukin-1 beta (Il-1 beta).

Article Snippet: A flow cytometry cytokine bead array kit (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) was used to determine the plasma cytokine levels.

Techniques: